May 24, 2013

Word of the Day #081 – “verily, indeed = inna”

Filed under: Word of the Day — Tags: , , , — Saqib @ 6:47 am

truly, indeed = (inna) إنّ


Examples

إِنّ الّذِينَ كَفَرُوا سَوَاءٌ عَلَيْهِمْ أَأَنذَرْتَهُمْ أَمْ لَمْ تُنذِرْهُمْ لَا يُؤْمِنُون Verily, those who disbelieve, it is the same to them whether you warn them or do not warn them, they will not believe – Quran, 2:6

عَنْ عائِشَةَ ، قالَتْ : كانَ رَسولُ الله صَلّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلّمَ إِذا أَمَرَهُمْ ، أَمَرَهُمْ مِنَ الأَعْمالِ بِما يُطِيقُونَ ، قالوا : إِنّا لَسْنَا كَهَيْئَتِكَ يا رَسولَ اللهِ ، إِنّ الله قَدْ غَفَرَ لَكَ ما تَقَدّمَ مِنْ ذَنْبِكَ وَما تَأَخّرَ ، فَيَغْضَبُ حَتّى يُعْرَفُ الغَضَبُ فِي وَجْهِهِ ، ثُمّ يَقُولُ : إِنّ أَتْقاكُمْ وَأَعْلَمَكُمْ بِالله أَنا On the authority of Aishah, she said, “The Prophet, God bless him and grant him peace, when he used to order them, would order them to do something they were capable of doing, but they say, “Messenger of God! We are not like you. Truly, God has forgiven you past and future mistakes”, and at this he would become angry, and the anger would show in his face, and would then say, “Truly the most God-fearing of you, and the most aware of God, is me.” – al-Bukhari

المالكي يقول إن الأحداث الأخيرة “مرتبطة بالخارج” Maliki says that recent events “linked to abroad” – BBC News, Arabic

Did you know…

Arabic verbs related to the idea of expressing something, like ذكر to mention or زعم to assert, are followed by the particle أنّ that. The exception, as can be seen from the BBC headline above, is the verb قال to say,which is followed by إِنّ , here therefore meaning that (rather than truly, verily).

May 23, 2013

Word of the Day #080 – “to want = araada”

Filed under: Word of the Day — Tags: , , — Saqib @ 6:24 am

want

to want = (araada) أراد

Verbal noun إرادة

Examples

إِنّمَا أَمْرُهُ إِذَا أَرَادَ شَيْئًا أَن يَقُولَ لَهُ كُن فَيَكُون Verily, His Command, when He intends a thing, is only that He says to it, “Be!” and it is! – Quran, 36:82

عَنْ عائِشَةَ ، قَالَتْ : كانَ النّبِيّ صَلّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلّمَ يُصَلّي وَأَنا رَاقِدَةٌ مُعْتَرِضَةٌ عَلَى فِرَاشِهِ ، فإِذا أَرَادَ أَنْ يُوتِرَ أَيْقَظَنِي فَأَوْتَرْتُ On the authority of Aishah, she said, “The Prophet, God bless him and grant him peace, used to pray while I was asleep lying on his bed, and when he wanted to pray witr, he would awake me and I would pray witr.” – al-Bukhari

القاتل الجماعي النرويجي بريفيك يريد أن يؤسس جمعية فاشية Norwegian mass murderer Breivik wants to establish a fascist association– BBC News, Arabic

Did you know…

The verb أَرَاد can also be used to indicate that something is about to happen, or has nearly happened, such as in the Quran فَوَجَدَا فِيهَا جِدَارًا يُرِيدُ أَن يَنقَض they found therein a wall about to collapse (Quran, 18:73)

May 22, 2013

Word of the Day #079 – “now = al-aana”

Filed under: Word of the Day — Tags: — Saqib @ 8:28 am

NOW

now = (al-aana) الآن

Noun a time, season آنٌ
Associated verb to be time (for) آن (يئِيْن) – أينا

Examples

وَأَنّا كُنّا نَقْعُدُ مِنْهَا مَقَاعِدَ لِلسّمْعِ فَمَن يَسْتَمِعِ الآنَ يَجِدْ لَهُ شِهَابًا رّصَدًا ‘And verily, we used to sit there in stations, to (steal) a hearing, but any who listens now will find a flaming fire watching him in ambush.’ – Quran, 72:9

عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ الله عَنْهُما ، قَالَ : كَانَ النّبِي صَلّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلّمَ يَخْطُبُ قائما ، ثُمّ يَقْعُدُ ، ثُمّ يَقُومُ كَما تَفْعَلُون الآن On the authority of Ibn Umar, he said, “The Prophet, God bless him and grant him peace, used to deliver a sermon standing, then he would sit, then he would stand as you do now.” – Bukhari

منظمة “السلام الآن”: تل أبيب تحاول تقنين المستوطنات The organization “Peace Now”: Tel Aviv is trying to legalize settlements – BBC News, Arabic

Did you know…

The adverb الآن is always with a fathah ending, even when preceded by a preposition, e.g. إِلى الآن to now

May 21, 2013

Word of the Day #078 – “to will = shaa’a”

Filed under: Word of the Day — Tags: , , — Saqib @ 8:25 am

to will, want = (shaa’a) شَاءَ

Imperfect يَشَاء
Verbal noun مَشِيْئَة

Examples

قَالُوا ادْعُ لَنَا رَبّكَ يُبَيّن لّنَا مَا هِيَ إِنّ الْبَقَرَ تَشَابَهَ عَلَيْنَا وَإِنّا إِن شَاءَ اللهُ لَمُهْتَدُون They said, “Call upon your Lord for us to make plain to us what it is. Verily to us all cows are alike, And surely, if God wills, we will be guided.” – Quran, 2:70

عن ابن عمر ، قال : أُصَلّي كَما رَأَيْتُ أَصْحابِي يُصَلّون : لا أَنْهى أَحَدًا يُصَلّي بِلَيْلٍ وَلا نَهارٍ ما شَاءَ ، غَيْرَ أَنْ لا تَحَرّوا طُلُوعَ الشّمْسِ ولا غُرُوبَها On the authority of Ibn Umar, he said, “I pray like I’ve seen my companions pray; I don’t forbid anyone from praying whatever he wills by night or by day, but don’t seek out the rising of the sun, nor its setting.” – Bukhari

واستخدام تلك المعلومات اينما شئت وبأي جهاز شئت …using that information wherever you want, and with any device you want. – BBC News, Arabic

Did you know…

The word شَيء thing is from the root شَاء , which suggests that it denotes things which have been willed (by God) into existence. Some scholars suggested that it could also be used for things which don’t exist, but this is refuted by common Arabic usage, and Quranic verses such as وَإِن مِن شَيْءٍ إِلا يُسَبّحُ بِحَمْدِه there is not a thing but glorifies His praise (Quran 17:44).

May 20, 2013

Word of the Day #077 – “to return = ‘aada”

Filed under: Word of the Day — Tags: , , — Saqib @ 7:00 am

to return = (‘aada) عَاد

Imperfect يَعُود
Verbal noun عَودَة

Examples

وَالْقَمَرَ قَدّرْنَاهُ مَنَازِلَ حَتّى عَادَ كَالْعُرْجُونِ الْقَدِيم And for the moon We have appointed mansions till she return like an old shrivelled palm-leaf. – Quran, 36:39

عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مالِكٍ رَضِيَ الله عَنْهُ ، عَنِ النّبِيّ صَلّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلّمَ قَال : ثَلاثٌ مَنْ كُنّ فِيْهِ وَجَدَ حَلاوَةَ الإيْمانِ : أَنْ يَكُونَ الله وَرُسُولُهُ أَحَبّ إِلَيْهِ مِمّا سِواهُما ، وَأَنْ يُحِبّ الْمَرْءَ لا يُحِبّهُ إِلا لِله ، وَأَنْ يَكْرَهُ أَنْ يَعُودَ فِي الْكُفْرِ كَما يَكْرَهُ أَنْ يُقْذَفَ فِي النّار On the authority of Anas, who narrated from the Prophet, God bless him and grant him peace, “There are three things which, whoever possesses them will find the sweetness of faith: that God and His Messenger are more beloved to him than all besides them, and that he love a person for nothing other than the sake of God, and that he hate to return to disbelief as he would hate to be thrown into the fire.” – Bukhari

ماذا لَوْ عادَ والت ديزني إِلى عَالَم ديزني لاند؟ What if Walt Disney returned to Disney Land? – BBC News, Arabic

Did you know…

The word عِيد festival is from the root عَاد , as it returns every year. Although the medial root letter of the verb عَاد is و , this changes to ي in the word عِيد , as the Arabs avoid a و being preceded by a kasrah vowel.

May 17, 2013

Word of the Day #076 – “people = sha’b”

Filed under: Word of the Day — Tags: , — Saqib @ 9:04 am

people, nation = (sha’b) شَعْب

Associated verb to collect, unite s. شَعَبَ (يَشْعَبُ) ه – شَعْبًا
Plural شُعُوب

Examples

يَا أَيّهَا النّاسُ إِنّا خَلَقْنَاكُم مِن ذَكَرٍ وَأُنثَى وَجَعَلْنَاكُمْ شُعُوبًا وَقَبَائِلَ لِتَعَارَفُوا إِنّ أَكْرَمَكُمْ عِندَ الله أَتْقَاكُمْ إِنّ الله عَلِيمٌ خَبِير O mankind! Lo! We have created you male and female, and have made you nations and tribes that you may know one another. Lo! the noblest of you, in the sight of God, is the best in conduct. Truly God is Knower, Aware. – Quran, 49:13

عَنِ الشّعْبِي قَال : فِي مَجَلّةِ إِبْرَاهِيْمَ صَلّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلّمَ : إِنّهُ كَائِنٌ مِنْ وَلَدِكَ شُعُوبٌ وَشُعُوبٌ حَتّى يَأْتِي النّبِيّ الأَمِيّ الّذِي يَكُونُ خَاتَمَ الأَنْبِيَاء On the authority of al-Sha’bi, he said, “In the scripture of Abraham, God bless him and grant him peace, it was written: ‘There will be from your child nations and nations until the Unlettered Prophet comes, who will be the seal of the Prophets.’” – Ibn Sa’d's al-Tabaqat al-Kubra

الرّئِيسُ الْمِصْرِيّ يُهَنّئُ شَعْبَهُ بِإقْرِارِ الدّسْتُور The Egyptian President congratulates his people on approving the constitution – BBC News, Arabic

Did you know…

شُعُوب was often used by the Arabs to refer to non-Arabs, the idea being that whilst the Arabs were divided into قَبَائل tribes, the non-Arabs did not have that same rich tradition of memorizing and dividing their societies by lineage, and so were more bound together more loosely into nations.

May 2, 2013

Arabic non-rational plurals are treated as feminine singular

Filed under: Tips for Learning Arabic — Tags: — Saqib @ 11:39 am

Arabic Non-rational plurals

Arabic Verb is always singular before its subject

Filed under: Tips for Learning Arabic — Tags: , , — Saqib @ 11:27 am

Arabic Verb is singular before subject

January 9, 2013

Word of the Day, Issue #075 – “international = duwali”

Filed under: Word of the Day — Tags: , — Saqib @ 10:24 pm

international = (duwali) دُوَلِيّ


Associated noun: دَولة

Examples

قَالَ مُنَظّمُو مُؤْتَمَرٍ دُوَلِيّ يُرَوّجُ لِلنّشَاطِ فِي مَرْحَلَةِ الشّيْخُوخَةِ إِنّ الْمُسِنّيْنَ فِي السّبْعِينِيّاتِ مِنَ الْعُمَرِ يَجِبُ أَنْ يَتَشَجّعُوا على مُمارَسَةِ الرّيَاضَة Organizers of an international conference promoting activity in the aging say that older people in the seventies should be encouraged to exercise – BBC News, Arabic

Did you know…

There is a difference of opinion amongst modern Arabic linguists as to whether دُوَلِي should be allowed. The issue arises as it is derived from the plural noun دُوَل , meaning countries, and many classical Arabic grammarians did not allow relative nouns to be derived from plurals. On that basis, it should be دَوْلِي , from the singular دَوْلَة . However, this is needed as the relative noun meaning of or belonging to a state, i.e. national. To avoid the confusion, many modern authorities allow دُوَلِي , and certainly it has become commonly used in modern Arabic.

January 8, 2013

Word of the Day, Issue #074 – “picture = surah”

Filed under: Word of the Day — Tags: , — Saqib @ 11:06 pm

picture = (surah) صُورَة

Associated verb: صَوّرَ ه to form, paint, picture s.
Plural: صُوَر

Examples

فِي أَيّ صُورَةٍ مّا شَاءَ رَكّبَك In whatever form He wills, does He put you together – Quran, 82:8

عَنْ جَابِرٍ قَال : نَهَى رَسُولُ الله صَلّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلّمَ عَنِ الصّورَةِ فِي الْبَيْتِ ، وَنَهَى عَنْ أَنْ يُصْنَعَ ذلِكد On the authority of Jabir, he said, “The Prophet, God bless him and grant him peace, forbade that there be an image in the home, and forbade that (an image) should be made.” al-Tirmidhi

اِلْتَقَطَتْ كاميرا وَكَالَة الْفَضاءِ الأَمْرِيكِيّة ناسا صُوَرًا لِكُرَةٍ نارِيّةٍ فَوْقَ سَماءِ وِلايَةِ تكساس American space agency NASA’s camera picked up pictures of a fireball over the skies of the state of Texas – BBC News, Arabic

Did you know…

In the well-known hadith خَلَقَ الله آدَمَ عَلَى صُورَتِه God created Adam in his image, there is a difference of opinion as to what the pronoun his refers to; some believe it means that God created Adam and endowed him with certain qualities which in a limited way resembled divine qualities, such as mercy and love, and others take the pronoun as referring to Adam himself, i.e God created Adam in an image appropriate for him.

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